handbook of food preservation - Size: 8.54 MB

Hardcover: 809 pages
Publisher: CRC; 1 edition (January 21, 1999)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0824702093
ISBN-13: 978-0824702090

Review
"...a valuable guide book." -- Iasi Polytechnic Magazine, 2000

Description
Emphasizes practical, cost-effective, & safe strategies for implementing preservation techniques, describes the preservation of fresh food, & explains conventional preservation methods.

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Understanding Food

“Understanding Food” is a short ebook that describes exactly how it is that Americans came to believe that dietary fat was unhealthy, and associate fat with cholesterol with heart disease. In it, the person most responsible for this falsehood is brought to light, and the history of the modern Food Pyramid is discussed, along with it’s science-based alternative, which proscribes a much different diet. A brief examination of corruption in the FDA brings us to today, when we as a country are just starting to realize the vast nature of our dietary ‘mistake’.

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Korean Cook

Korean Cook Ebook (PDF) – 20.2MB

This cookbook is a collection of popular Korean recipes, each of which has its own full color picture, ingredient list, and directions for preparation. It is free to download and distribute in its unmodified entirety.


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Nutrition and Metabolism 2009

Humana Press | ISBN: 978-1-60327-452-4 | ENGLISH | PDF | 420 PAGES | 5.02 MB

Introduction
Inappropriate nutrition, increased calorie intake, and lack of exercise usually lead to obesity and the metabolic syndrome, which, in turn, are responsible for several chronic diseases that affect every aspect of a person s life. In addition to prevention and medical treatment, education is the single most important tool for their management. Education is also of major importance in raising public health awareness since it can hopefully help curb the global epidemic of obesity, diabetes, and other disease states associated with the metabolic syndrome.
Following is a list of government agencies and nongovernmental organizations that provide information and resources related to nutrition, obesity, and diabetes.

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Tissues and Skin

Infobase Publishing | ISBN-10: 0-7910-7708-X | ENGLISH | PDF | 155 PAGES | 11.02 MB

Introduction
The human body is an incredibly complex and amazing structure. At best, it is a source of strength, beauty, and wonder. We can compare the healthy body to a well-designed machine whose parts work smoothly together. We can also compare it to a symphony orchestra in which each instrument has a different part to play. When all of the musicians play together, they produce beautiful music. From a purely physical standpoint, our bodies are made mainly of water.We are also made of many minerals, including calcium, phosphorous, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, magnesium, and iron. In order of size, the elements of the body are organized into cells, tissues, and organs. Related organs are combined into systems, including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive systems. Our cells and tissues are constantly wearing out and being replaced without our even knowing it. In fact, much of the time, we take the body for granted. When it is working properly,
we tend to ignore it. Although the heart beats about 100,000 times per day and we breathe more than 10 million times per year, we do not normally think about these things. When something goes wrong, however ,our bodies tell us through pain and other symptoms. In fact, pain is a very effective alarm system that lets us know the body needs attention. If the pain does not go away, we may need to see a doctor. Even without medical help, the body has an amazing ability to heal itself. If we cut ourselves, the blood clotting system works to seal the cut right away, and the immune defense system sends out special blood cells that are programmed to heal the area.

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Drugs The Straight Facts ( Marijuana )

Each holds about 120 pages of facts charting the history of drug usage, development, and social and health issues....All are

highly recommended picks, offering lasting library lending value.

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The Nutritionist

Haworth | ISBN 0-203-88700-X | ENGLISH | PDF | 388 PAGES | 1.63 MB

Intro
The seeming simplicity of our daily activities is greatly contrasted by the complexity of our true nature—quite a paradox, no doubt. It is simple in that, on the outside, the goals of our body may appear few. We internalize food, water, and oxygen while at the same time ridding ourselves of carbon dioxide and other waste materials. These operations support reproduction, growth, maintenance, and defense. Yet on the inside our body may seem very complex as various organs participate in a tremendous number of complicated processes intended to meet the simple goals previously mentioned. Nutrition is just one part of this paradoxical relationship. The objective of nutrition is simple: to supply our body with all of the necessary nutrients, and in appropriate quantities, to promote optimal health and function. However, in practice, nutrition is far from that simple. There seem to be too many nutrients, controversial nutrients, and different conditions, such as growth, pregnancy, and exercise, to allow nutrition to be a simple topic. Although we have long appreciated food, it has only been in the more recent years that we have really begun to understand the finer relationship between food and our body. Most nutrients have been identified within the last century or so and right now nutrition is one of the most prevalent areas of scientific research. This is to say that our understanding of nutrition is by no means complete. It continues to evolve in conjunction with the most current nutrition research. It seems that not a week goes by without hearing about yet another discovery in nutrition. It is hard to believe that just a few decades ago the basic four food groups were pretty much all the nutrition known by most people. Today nutrition deeply penetrates into many aspects of our lives, including preventative and treatment medicine, philosophy, exercise training, and weight management. Our diet has been linked to cardiovascular health, cancer, bowel function, moods, and brain activity, along with many other health domains. We no longer eat merely to satisfy hunger. Without doubt, nutrition has become a matter of great curiosity and/or concern for most of us today.

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Good Calories, Bad Calories by Gary Taubes

Good Calories, Bad Calories has much useful information and is well worth reading. Gary Taubes’s tenets related to obesity can be summarized in four statements (i) He believes that you can gain weight and become obese without a positive energy balance; (ii) He also believes that dietary fat is unimportant for the development of obesity; (iii) Carbohydrate, in his view, is what produces obesity and (iv) Insulin secreted by the carbohydrate is the problem in obesity. However, some of the conclusions that the author reaches are not consistent with current concepts about obesity. There are many kinds of obesity, and only some depend on diet composition.

Two dietary manipulations produce obesity in susceptible people: eating a high-fat diet and drinking sugar-or high-fructose corn syrup-sweetened beverages. Insulin is necessary but not sufficient in the diet-dependent obesities. When diet is important, it may be the combination of fat and fructose (the deadly duo) that is most important. Regardless of diet, it is a positive energy balance over months to years that is the sine qua non for obesity. Obese people clearly eat more than do lean ones, and food-intake records are notoriously unreliable, as documented by use of doubly labelled water.

Underreporting of food intake is greater in obese than in normal-weight people and is worse for fat than for other macronutrient groups. Accepting the concept that obesity results from a positive energy balance does not tell us why energy balance is positive. This depends on a variety of environmental factors interacting with the genetic sus-ceptibility of certain individuals. Weight loss is related to adherence to the diet, not to its macronutrient composition.

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Total Health: Becoming Physically Fit

In 1956, Dwight D. Eisenhower formed thevPresident’s Council on Youth Fitness,after learning that 59% of American children had failed a minimum muscular fitness test. In 1967 an Oregon track coach named Bill Bowerman wrote a book called Jogging that ignited the running craze. A year later Air Force physician Dr. Kenneth H. Cooper fired a fitness shot heard ’round the world with the release of his book, Aerobics.

So why is it that 30 years later, so many Americans, both young and old, are still so overweight and out-of-shape? Why are so many people still smoking? Why are heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure and other lifestyle-related diseases still claiming so many lives? Despite years of education and volumes of literature written on the benefits of physical fitness, why are we still a nation of couch potatoes? Total Health:Becoming Physically Fitis a three-part video series that encourages students to take charge of their bodies and their health. In simple and easy-to-understand language, the video and print materials demonstrate exactly what defines physical fitness and how important it is to not only achieve it, but sustain it. The series embraces a “back to the basics” formula for fitness with an emphasis on flexibility, strength, and endurance. Using common-sense principles, the series teaches students how to assess their current physical condition, how to improve their own overall physical fitness, and explains why it’s so important that they do so.

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Hypertension, Diabetes, Cholesterol, Weight, and Weight Control

The 1998 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) included a detailed examination of preventive health problems and behaviors. This report uses data from the 1998 NHIS to examine the prevalence of selected problems among rural populations, with an emphasis on rural minorities. —Rural“ was defined, following NHIS guidelines, as living in a non-MSA county.

"Self Reported Prevalence of Health Problems"
Hypertension: Rural residents of all racial / ethnicity groups were more likely to report having been told they have hypertension than were metropolitan residents. The highest rates of reported hypertension were found among rural African Americans, one third of whom (34%) reported having high blood pressure.


Diabetes: Across non-metro residents, about seven percent of African Americans and seven percent of —other“ race adults reported that they had diabetes.

Cholesterol: As a measure of the degree to which non-metro residents obtain needed clinical preventive services, we examined self-reported receipt of cholesterol screening.

Contents
Executive Summary
Chapter One
Hypertension
Chapter Two
Diabetes
Chapter Three
Cholesterol Screening
Chapter Four
Weight and Weight Control Behaviors
Chapter Five
Exercise
Chapter Six
Conclusions and Recommendations
Appendices
Appendix A
Method and Detailed Tables
Appendix B
References

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PDF Ebook Permanent Hair Removal And Skin Treatment

You will be amazed to know that approximately 22% of the women in North America have excessive or unwanted facial hair. For many individuals, this unwanted facial hair and the resulting bad looks negatively affect the quality of life. Even men are compelled to rid themselves of unwanted body hair, mainly due to the popular fashion appeal and appearance anxieties. If removing unwanted hair is the aim, why use the painful waxing procedure or the skin-damaging removal creams? Shaving damages the smoothness of the skin. In this century, the best way to get rid of unwanted hair is laser hair removal treatments.

Unwanted body hair is undesirable for various cultural, social, cosmetic, or psychological reasons. Unwanted body hair usually results in feelings of embarrassment or emotional burden that may further impede relationships and daily activities. Why carry this emotional burden when laser hair removal treatment is so effective to cure your problem.

The first lasers were approved for the use of hair removal in 1996. At that time, there wasn’t much use of this technology. However, today, dramatic advancement have occurred in laser technology. Along with laser hair removal treatments, many more effective cooling devices are used to treat individuals with light skin and dark hair. Long-pulsed lasers are also used today to safely and effectively treat patients with darker skin types.

Before undergoing this laser hair removal treatment, the candidate is instructed to avoid direct sunlight and active tanning for sometime. The patient’s skin is then bleached with retinoic acid or hydroquinone to lighten it. Reliable clinics performing laser hair treatment does various tests to understand the skin qualities and conditions, and accordingly performs the laser treatment.

If you are in Chicago and looking for laser hair removal in Chicago, Advanced Laser Clinics is near at hand. Advanced Laser Clinics is a Chicago based skin clinic providing a wide range of skin treatments. We are reliable, effective, and care for your skin as much as you do. This is the best online source for knowing more about laser hair removal Chicago, cost of laser hair removal treatments, permanent hair removal solutions, and everything else on laser hair removal treatment.

CONTENTS
REMOVE UNWANTED HAIR WITH LASER HAIR REMOVAL
BEST SKIN CARE TREATMENTS AT ADVANCED LASER CLINIC
LIGHT PULSE SKIN RENEWAL TREATMENT
LASER HAIR REMOVAL TREATMENT IN CHICAGO
DIODE LASER HAIR REMOVAL TREATMENT
PHOTO REJUVENATION: EASY & EFFECTIVE SKIN CARE TREATMENT

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Women’s Mental Health Ebook

We are pleased to present this evidence based review which contains a reappraisal of the status of women’s mental health problems in different regions of the world. It updates and reactualizes a first publication on Psychosocial and Mental Health Aspects of Women’s Health issued by the Divisions of Mental and Family Health in 1993.

Over the years, the work of many WHO departments has converged with the concerns of the Key Centre for Women's Health in Society, University of Melbourne, in documenting the impact of discrimination and low socio-economic status on the health of women. More recently, there has been a shift from a focus on “women” to a focus on “gender” as a critical determinant of health. We are committed to the integration of gender issues in all our work and to the utilization of gender analysis in the development of mental health policies and programmes. In line with the recommendations articulated in the Beijing Platform of Action, the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, we are strengthening attention to the tremendous health burden of women that is created by gender discrimination, poverty, social position, and various forms of violence against women.

In the Global Burden of Disease, it is estimated that depression will become the second most important cause of disease burden in the world by the year 2020. Women in developed and developing countries alike are almost twice as likely as men to experience depression. Another two of the leading causes of disease burden estimated for the year 2020, namely violence and self inflicted injuries, have special relevance for women’s mental health.

This document adopts a health determinants framework for examining the evidence related to women’s poor mental health. From this perspective, public policy including economic policy, socio-cultural and environmental factors, community and social support, stressors and life events, personal behaviour and skills, and availability and access to health services, are all seen to exercise a role in determining women’s mental health status. Similarly, when considering the differences between women and men, a gender approach has been used. While this does not exclude biological or sex differences, it considers the critical roles that social and cultural factors and unequal power relations between men and women play in promoting or impeding mental health. Such inequalities create, maintain and exacerbate exposure to risk factors that endanger women’s mental health, and are most graphically illustrated in the significantly different rates of depression between men and women, poverty and its impact, and the phenomenal prevalence of violence against women.

The document collects and analyses the latest research evidence pertaining to the study of these issues and identifies the most pertinent risk factors and social causes that account for much of the poor mental health of millions of women around the globe. It also highlights the current gaps in knowledge that must be addressed through cross-cultural epidemiological, behavioural and operational research, especially in the developing countries, since most of the present research is directed at the situation in the richer, developed countries. Finally, the document provides pointers to the most.

Although it is not intended to be used as a guideline per se, it is our hope that readers will benefit from the analysis of evidence provided in this document and be guided on the priorities for research and action in this critical area. As a follow up to this review, we will address the need for a more practical, user-friendly guide to assist health workers and managers in becoming aware of their vital role in alleviating the mental health problems of women through a variety of individual and community based interventions. In the meantime, WHO along with its collaborating centres, will continue to provide technical support to countries upon their request, to develop culturally sensitive policies and programmes addressing the individual and social risk factors that account for the pervasive damage to so many women’s mental wellbeing in all countries of the world.

Contents
Acknowledgements
Preface
Introduction
PART ONE : GENDER DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH
Background
Social position, poverty and health
Influences on women's well being: Gender development
Economic policies, access and equity
Economic policies and women's social position
Social position, righs and mental health promotion
Women's mental health concerns
PART TWO : DEPRESSION IN WOMEN
Social theories of depression
Social theories of depression in women

Characteristic features of severe events: humiliation and entrapment
Social mentalities and rank

Severe events and rates of depression
Summary
PART THREE : POVERTY, SOCIAL POSITION AND MENTAL HEALTH
Relationship between social class and mental health
Measurement of women’s socio-economic status (SES)
Behavioural risk factors, physical and psychological comorbidity
Need to link physical and mental health
Chronic difficulties and acute crises
Summary

Place, severe events and depression
Core ties, identity and the ethic of care

PART FOUR : VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
The problem
Terminology
Violence in health care
Prevalence of violence against women in 'peace' time
Physical partner violence
Violence and reproductive functioning
Sexual violence in adulthood
Reactions to violence
Child sexual abuse
Multiple forms of violence
Revictimisation
Consequences of violence
Common features of violence and depression

Suicidal behaviour
Depression and anxiety
Post-traumatic stress

Comorbidity and the burden of violence
Barriers to understanding
Accounting for violence
Coping with violence
Summary

Reducing the psychological impact of violence
Psychosocial factors
Need for multilevel analysis

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Obesity & Diabetes

Christos S. Mantzoros "Obesity and Diabetes (Contemporary Diabetes)

Humana Press | English | 2006-01-25 | ISBN: 1588295389 | 574 pages | PDF | 37 MB

International experts from world-renowned medical schools comprehensively review for practicing clinicians and scientists alike the latest understanding of the epidemiology, causation, and consequences of diabetes and obesity. The authors discuss in detail their diagnosis, clinical manifestations, complications, and best practices for diagnosis and treatment. They also review the history and epidemiology of these conditions, explain their genetics and pathophysiology, and illuminate their known mechanisms and interactions. State-of-the-art survey-chapters critique current approaches (lifestyle and pharmacological) to the treatment of these conditions.


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DNA The Secret of Life

Authors: James D. Watson, Andrew Berry
Release: 2003-04-01
Format: Hardcover 464 pages
ISBN: 0375415467 (0-375-41546-7)
ISBN 13: 9780375415463 (978-0-375-41546-3)
List Price: $39.95

Description:
What makes DNA different from hordes of competitors purporting to help readers understand genetics is that it is written by none other than James Watson, of Watson and Crick fame. He and his co-author Andrew Berry have produced a clear and easygoing history of genetics, from Mendel through genome sequencing. Watson offers readers a sense of immediacy, a behind-the scenes familiarity with some of the most exciting developments in modern science. He gleefully reports on the research juggernaut that led to current obsessions with genetic engineering and cloning. Aided by profuse illustrations and photos, Watson offers an enthusiastic account of how scientists figured out how DNA codes for the creation of proteins--the so-called "central dogma" of genetics. But as patents and corporations enter the picture, Watson reveals his concern about the incursions of business into the hallowed halls of science. After 1975, DNA was no longer solely the concern of academics trying to understand the molecular underpinnings of life. The molecule moved beyond the cloisters of white-coated scientists into a very different world populated largely by men in silk ties and sharp suits. In later chapters, Watson aims barbs at those who are concerned by genetic tinkering, calling them "alarmists" who don't understand how the experiments work. It is in these arguments that Watson may lose favor with those whose notions of science were born after Silent Spring. Nevertheless, DNA encompasses both sides of the political issues involved in genetics, and Watson is an enthusiastic proponent of debate on the subject. The book accompanies a 5-part PBS series. --Therese Littleton

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Drinking Water and Infectious Disease

Release: 2002-07-30
Format: Hardcover 256 pages
ISBN: 0849312590 (0-8493-1259-0)
ISBN 13: 9780849312595 (978-0-8493-1259-5)
List Price: $185.95

Description:
There still exists considerable uncertainty in many countries about the contribution of drinking water to sporadic cases of disease. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), in cooperation with the World Health Organization (WHO), led the Workshop on Molecular Technologies for Safe Drinking Water in 1998 to address the role of water in the transmission of infectious disease. One of the results was a call for improved surveillance and outbreak investigation. Drinking Water and Infectious Disease: Establishing the Links, derived from an OECD workshop hosted by the UK government in Basingstoke, addresses that crucial recommendation.Unlike books that give a broad view on the public health issues regarding water and health, this book focuses on the tools available to identify the links between drinking water and infectious disease and how they might be used. It gathers state-of-the-art information from an international team of experts, including most of the world's leading authorities on waterborne disease epidemiology and investigation, to provide an overview of current best practices and direction for assessing the safety of drinking water and responding to adverse events.Organized into three sections, this user-friendly text is the only book to put forward clear guidance on the surveillance for and investigation of waterborne infectious disease at the local, national, and international levels. Based on an OECD international meeting, each section is introduced by the relevant session chairs, and includes research approaches using models and innovative field experiences to provide a wide selection of ideas for others to field test or modify. Researchers will be able to use this information not only to study the epidemiology of infectious diseases, but also to investigate and prevent waterborne diseases. Drinking Water and Infectious Disease is a landmark text in both the field of waterborne disease and more generally in infectious disease epidemiology.


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Fruit and Vegetables Harvesting, Handling and Storage

Authors: Keith Thompson
Release: 2003-11-14
Format: Hardcover 480 pages
ISBN: 1405106190 (1-4051-0619-0)
ISBN 13: 9781405106191 (978-1-4051-0619-1)
List Price: $259.99

Description:
The second edition of this very well-received book, which in its first edition was entitled Postharvest Technology of Fruits and Vegetables, has been welcomed by the community of postharvest physiologists and technologists who found the first edition of such great use. The book covers, in comprehensive detail, postharvest physiology as it applies to postharvest quality, technology relating to maturity determination, harvesting, packaging, postharvest treatments, controlled atmosphere storage, ripening and transportation on a very wide international range of fruits and vegetables. The new edition of this definitive work, which contains many full colour photographs, provides key practical and commercially-oriented information of great use in helping to ensure that fruit and vegetables reach the retailer in optimum condition, with the minimum of loss and spoilage.Fruits and vegetables, 2nd edition is essential reading forfruit and vegetable technologists, food scientists and food technologists, agricultural scientists, commercial growers, shippers and warehousing operatives and personnel within packaging companies. Researchers and upper level students in food science, food technology, plant and agricultural sciences will find a great deal of use within this landmark book. All libraries in research establishments and universities where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies readily available for users.A. K. Thompson was formerly Professor and head of Postharvest Technology, Silsoe College, UK.

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Lowering Your Cholesterol

High blood cholesterol can affect anyone. It’s a serious condition that increases the risk for heart disease, the number one killer of Americans—women and men. The higher your blood cholesterol level, the greater your risk.

Fortunately, if you have high blood cholesterol, there are steps you can take to lower it and protect your health. This booklet will show you how to take action by following the “TLC Program” for reducing high blood cholesterol. TLC stands for Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes, a three-part program that uses diet, physical activity, and weight management. Sometimes, drug treatment also is needed to lower blood cholesterol enough. But even then, the TLC Program should be followed.

The booklet has four main sections: It explains why cholesterol matters and helps you find your heart disease risk; describes the TLC Program; talks about a condition called the metabolic syndrome that can also be treated with TLC; and offers advice on how to make heart healthy lifestyle changes. Within the sections you’ll find tips on such topics as how to: communicate better with your doctor and other health care professionals, read food labels, make and stick with lifestyle changes, plan hear healthy menus for the whole family, and make heart healthy choices when you eat out.

Anyone can develop high blood cholesterol—everyone can take steps to lower it.

Contents
Introduction
Why Cholesterol Matters

* What Affects Cholesterol Levels?
* Knowing Your Cholesterol Level
* Setting Your Goal

Treating High LDL Cholesterol

* The TLC Diet: A Heart Healthy Eating Plan
* Foods To Choose for TLC
* Becoming Physically Active
* Maintaining a Healthy Weight
* Sample Menus for TLC

The Metabolic Syndrome—A Special Concern
Learning to Live the TLC Way

* Keeping Track of Your Changes
* Be Smart When You Start
* Reward YourselfMaking TLC a Family Affair

A Final Note
To Learn More

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Your Guide to a Healthy Prostate

No one expects or wants to get caught with prostate disease. But the truth is that if you live long enough, it's almost certain that you will suffer from some form of prostate disease. For instance did you know that …

Prostate enlargement can be found in up to 50 % of men over 60 and 82 % of men in their 70s. This natural and common process leads to enlargement of the prostate over time and may affect bladder emptying in some men, as the enlarged prostate squeezes the urethra and makes the passing of urine difficult.

Prostatitis a condition that causes burning during urination or pain in the pelvic region can affect men at any age and does not respond well to conventional treatments. The treatment for this condition which is antibiotics is effective in less then 30% of cases.

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy or BPH is a swelling of the prostate. This condition can wreak havoc in your life and disrupt your sex life. This condition also causes trouble with urination.

Prostate Cancer in Australia will affect 1 in 11 men by the age 75. Over 11,200 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year, making it the second most common cause of cancer death in Australian men.

These figures aren't etched in stone. The average man can reduce his chances of developing prostate problems with some simple, com-mon-sense steps. But you must also try to act preventively and look-out for health problems before they strike.

Contents
1. An Overview of the Prostate Problem
2. You and Your Prostate
3. Prostate Disease
4. Your Diet and your Prostate
5. Natural Herbal help for your Prostate
6. Exercise your way to a healthy Prostate
7. Dental health and your Prostate
8. Impotence and your sex life
9. Stress and your Prostate
10. Prostate Action Guide

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Health Psychology Ebook

Health psychology is a relatively recent yet fast- growing sub-discipline of psychology. It is best understood by answering the following questions:

* What causes illness and who is responsible for it?
* How should illness be treated and who is responsible for treatment?
* What is the relationship between health and illness, and between the mind and body?
* What is the role of psychology in health and illness?

Human beings are complex systems and illness can be caused by a multitude of factors, not just a single factor such as a virus or bacterium. Health psychology attempts to move away from a simple linear model of health and looks at the combination of factors involved in illness – biological (e.g. a virus), psychological (e.g. behaviours, beliefs) and social (e.g. employment). This reflects the biopsychosocial model of health and illness that was developed by Engel (1977,1980). Because, in this model, illness is regarded as the result of a combination of factors, the individual is no longer simply seen as a passive victim of some external force, such as a virus. Acknowledging the role of behaviours such as smoking, diet and alcohol, for example, means that the individual may be held responsible for their health and illness.

According to health psychology, the whole person should be treated, not just the physical changes that occur due to ill health. This can include behaviour change, encouraging changes in beliefs and coping strategies, and compliance with medical recommendations. Because thepartly responsible for their treatment. For example, she may have a responsibility to take medication, and to change beliefs and behaviour. No longer is the patient seen as a victim.

From this perspective, health and illness exist on a continuum. Rather than being either healthy or ill, individuals progress along a continuum from healthiness to illness and back again. Health psychology also maintains that the mind and body interact. It sees psychological factors as not only possible consequences of illness (after all, being ill can be depressing), but as contributing to all the stages of health, from full healthiness to illness.

Contents
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
HEALTH BELIEFS AND BEHAVIOURS

Behaviour and mortality
The role of health beliefs
Integrated models

ILLNESS BELIEFS

The dimensions of illness beliefs
A model of illness behaviour
Health professionals’ beliefs

THE STRESS–ILLNESS LINK

Stress models
Does stress cause illness?
CHRONIC ILLNESS
Profile of an illness
Psychology’s role

FINAL THOUGHTS
SUMMARY
REVISION QUESTIONS
FURTHER READING

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Diet and Nutrition

This report presents the findings of a consultation exercise of diet and nutrition of older adults, aged 50 years and over, living within the North Staffordshire area. The consultation was carried out between August and October 2001.

The aim of the report is to identify and highlight the comments and views of older people in North Staffordshire on food, shopping and consumption in order to develop a practical strategy for the effective promotion of dietary change for older people on the basis of people’s perspective.

From the recommendations and practical strategy/s put forward, a development of partnerships with older people and relevant agencies will be implemented in order to effect change.

The consultation forms part of the Beth Johnson Foundation’s ongoing health promotion work.

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